I'm hazy on the details, but in the 70's in the UK, there was a car manufacturer (British Leyland?, but probably not) that was taken over by the workers.

The idea was that there was to be no class separation within the workforce: no "them" and "us". There were to be no managers, actions were to be decided collectively.

Only, it didn't work, and they finally conceded that they needed management and structure.