> doubt very much that the position of the ISS in the article is being sent from the ISS at real time. It's more likely calculated using NORAD / Celestrak orbital elements plus orbital calculations.
Yes, this is how the referenced site knows the approximate position of the ISS via TLEs. TLEs are updated regularly for space objects
That doesn't matter for the problem at hand though. You can calculate the current GPS coordinates from any TLE, even if they aren't derived from GPS measurements but from Satellite Laser Ranging or some other method.
Correct because the site referenced uses N2YO which is using NASA provided TLEs which some backend that provides an API. GPS and TLEs are not the same.
Yes, this is how the referenced site knows the approximate position of the ISS via TLEs. TLEs are updated regularly for space objects