Glad you are asking, these are enforced in Germany as well. I personally witnessed police waiting behind traffic lights to catch cyclists running a red light, stopping cyclists who ride on a pedestrian-only path and checking for proper lights at night. I think they also check for drunken riders, although I have never witnessed that personally.

Cyclists get fined, and they can even loose their driving license (for cars).

These checks are not too-frequent (neither are those for car drivers), but they exist.